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While philosophy of science has always been an integral part of philosophy, since the beginning of the twentieth century it has developed its own structure and its fair share of technical vocabulary and problems. Philosophy of Science A-Z gives concise, accurate and illuminating accounts of key positions, concepts, arguments and figures in the philosophy of science from A priori/a posteriori to Elie Zahar. It aids understanding of current debates, explains their historical development and connects them with broader philosophical issues. It presupposes little prior knowledge of philosophy of science and is equally useful to the beginner, the more advanced student and the general reader. Readers will find in it illuminating explanations, careful analysis, relevant examples, open problems and, last but not least, precise arguments. Philosophy of science is a flourishing discipline and Philosophy of Science A to Z is a practical and imaginative way into and through it.

Science --- Philosophy --- Terminology --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Encyclopedias. --- Terminology. --- Philosophie --- Encyclopédies --- Terminologie --- Natural sciences --- Science - Philosophy - Encyclopedias --- Science - Philosophy - Terminology

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Since its discovery in I960, the hybridization of somatic cells has evolved from a biological curiosity into an analytical method that today underlies nearly all investigations of the genetic aspects of various biological phenomena. As an eyewitness to this development from its inception forward, Boris Ephrussi here relates the history of somatic hybridization and the formation of its methodology, lie follows with a discussion of the characteristics and properties of the resultant hybrid cells. Together, these topics comprise an authoritative introduction to the principles of the technique.Dr. Ephrussi proceeds to an examination in greater detail of three specific areas of biological research to which the techniques of hybridization are currently being applied with promising consequences. Thus the major part of the book deals with applications of somatic hybridization to mammalian genetics, cell differentiation, and cancer.Originally published in 1972.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Cell hybridization. --- Somatic hybrids. --- Somatic hybrids --- Cell hybridization --- Cytogenetics --- Hybrid Cells --- Genetics --- Cells, Cultured --- Biology --- Cells --- Anatomy --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biologic Sciences --- Biological Science --- Science, Biological --- Sciences, Biological --- Biological Sciences --- Life Sciences --- Biologic Science --- Biological Science Discipline --- Discipline, Biological Science --- Disciplines, Biological Science --- Life Science --- Science Discipline, Biological --- Science Disciplines, Biological --- Science, Biologic --- Science, Life --- Sciences, Biologic --- Sciences, Life --- Anatomies --- Cell --- Cultured Cells --- Cell, Cultured --- Cultured Cell --- Somatic Cell Hybrids --- Cell Hybrid, Somatic --- Cell Hybrids, Somatic --- Cell, Hybrid --- Cells, Hybrid --- Hybrid Cell --- Hybrid, Somatic Cell --- Hybrids, Somatic Cell --- Somatic Cell Hybrid --- Cytogenetic --- Cell fusion --- Somatic cell hybrids --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- General embryology. Developmental biology --- Cytogenetics. --- Hybrid Cells. --- Hybridization --- Cell Fusion --- Cytogenetic Analysis --- Chromosome Disorders --- Sex Chromosome Disorders

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Warriors of the Cloisters tells how key cultural innovations from Central Asia revolutionized medieval Europe and gave rise to the culture of science in the West. Medieval scholars rarely performed scientific experiments, but instead contested issues in natural science, philosophy, and theology using the recursive argument method. This highly distinctive and unusual method of disputation was a core feature of medieval science, the predecessor of modern science. We know that the foundations of science were imported to Western Europe from the Islamic world, but until now the origins of such key elements of Islamic culture have been a mystery. In this provocative book, Christopher I. Beckwith traces how the recursive argument method was first developed by Buddhist scholars and was spread by them throughout ancient Central Asia. He shows how the method was adopted by Islamic Central Asian natural philosophers--most importantly by Avicenna, one of the most brilliant of all medieval thinkers--and transmitted to the West when Avicenna's works were translated into Latin in Spain in the twelfth century by the Jewish philosopher Ibn Da'ud and others. During the same period the institution of the college was also borrowed from the Islamic world. The college was where most of the disputations were held, and became the most important component of medieval Europe's newly formed universities. As Beckwith demonstrates, the Islamic college also originated in Buddhist Central Asia. Using in-depth analysis of ancient Buddhist, Classical Arabic, and Medieval Latin writings, Warriors of the Cloisters transforms our understanding of the origins of medieval scientific culture.

Science, Medieval --- Academic disputations --- Science --- History --- Science, Medieval. --- Academic disputations. --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Medieval science --- Disputations, Academic --- Debates and debating --- Dissertations, Academic --- Natural sciences --- Science - Asia, Central - History - To 1500

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Science --- Information superhighway in education. --- Information technology. --- Computer literacy. --- Digital literacy --- Literacy, Computer --- Technological literacy --- IT (Information technology) --- Technology --- Telematics --- Information superhighway --- Knowledge management --- Education --- Natural science --- Natural sciences --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Study and teaching --- Technological innovations.

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Histology. Cytology --- Molecular biology --- Cells --- Cytology --- Cytologie --- Biologie moléculaire --- Molecular Biology --- Cytology. --- Molecular biology. --- Cells. --- Molecular Biology. --- Anatomy --- Biochemistry --- Genetics --- Biology --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Chemistry --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cellule --- cells --- 576 --- 577.2 --- celbiologie --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cytologists --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Biochemical Genetics --- Biology, Molecular --- Genetics, Biochemical --- Genetics, Molecular --- Molecular Genetics --- Biochemical Genetic --- Genetic, Biochemical --- Genetic, Molecular --- Molecular Genetic --- Cell --- Cell Biology --- Cellular and subcellular biology. Cytology --- Molecular bases of life. Molecular biology --- Basic Sciences. Molecular Biology --- Molecular Biology (General) --- Genetic Phenomena --- Molecular Biology (General). --- 577.2 Molecular bases of life. Molecular biology --- 576 Cellular and subcellular biology. Cytology --- Basic Sciences Molecular Biology --- Biologie moléculaire --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- Biologic Sciences --- Biological Science --- Science, Biological --- Sciences, Biological --- Biological Sciences --- Life Sciences --- Biologic Science --- Biological Science Discipline --- Discipline, Biological Science --- Disciplines, Biological Science --- Life Science --- Science Discipline, Biological --- Science Disciplines, Biological --- Science, Biologic --- Science, Life --- Sciences, Biologic --- Sciences, Life --- Anatomies --- Genetic Structures --- Cell Cycle. --- Cell Physiological Phenomena. --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Cellular structures